Treatments for osteoarthritis in dogs and cats aim to slow the progression of the disease, thereby improving mobility, exercise tolerance, and quality of life for pets (Allgeyer, 2016). Early management is essential because osteoarthritis is progressive and irreversible. This approach involves a multimodal strategy to break the cycle of osteoarthritis. Animals suffering from osteoarthritis have limited physical activity due to pain during movement, which contributes to joint deterioration.
Weight Control (Blanchard, 2015): Excess weight increases stress on the joints. Weight loss helps reduce clinical signs of osteoarthritis and improve mobility (Rychel, 2010). A suitable diet plays a crucial role in this process (Balzer & Loth, 2015). A low-calorie diet may be recommended, with meal portions distributed over several feedings to promote satiety. Treats should be avoided.
Moderate Exercise: Regular, measured physical activity helps maintain joint mobility and muscle strength. Daily walks, adjusted to the animal’s pace and duration, are recommended. Small exercises or play sessions can also stimulate activity.
Therapeutic Agents: Certain supplements rich in chondroprotective agents are used to protect cartilage, such as glucosamine, chondroitin sulfate, methylsulfonylmethane (MSM), collagen, and hyaluronic acid. Omega-3 fatty acids, EPA and DHA, found in certain fish and algae, are also beneficial for osteoarthritic joints. Antioxidants like vitamin E and superoxide dismutase (SOD) help combat oxidative stress in the joints (Fernandez, 2008). Plants known for their beneficial effects on osteoarthritis, such as blackcurrant, horsetail, meadowsweet, turmeric, and devil’s claw, can also be used (Anderson, 2018). A daily supplement for 1 to 3 months is recommended.
Pain Management: Alongside the above measures, medication can be administered to relieve osteoarthritis pain. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) or certain opioids, such as oral tramadol, are commonly used.
Other Treatments: Cannabidiol (CBD) is a molecule increasingly studied and used in treating osteoarthritis in animals. It has been studied for its therapeutic effects on animals suffering from osteoarthritis (Gamble, 2018).
Physiotherapy: Physiotherapy aims to improve physical health and mobility through physical means. It may include treatments such as heat or cold therapy, movement exercises, massage, hydrotherapy, electrostimulation, ultrasound, and laser therapy (Noblet, 2013).
Combating Osteoarthritis in Dogs and Cats Treatments for osteoarthritis in dogs and cats aim to slow the progression of the disease, thereby improving mobility, exercise
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